Page 34 - Azerbaijan State University of Economics

Saddoun N. Al-Majali, Raafat Abdel salam Tarawneh: The Chinese Position on the Syrian Crisis 2011-2018

population at the expense of historically dominant civil elites, but the many years of
neglect and drought, in the impoverishment and marginalization of rural areas, which
led to the breakup of the contract between the regime and its rural population. These
regions became centers of revolution. The system now relies on coalitions in major
civic centers, but the latter does not rely on them. , It will stand in the row of any m
In addition, the old Syrian regime was built on the basis of the redistribution of wealth,
but in the past years it has become a system based on the accumulation of wealth
among the regime's bosses and their allies. The lower and middle classes witnessed
deterioration in their economic status, Billions, and so the socio-economic contract
collapsed even years before the winds of the Arab Spring.

The system began to implement the policy of privatization (selling public sector
institutions to the private sector), and the implementation of this policy distributed
almost all agricultural land to agricultural workers, and sold all the accessories of these
projects such as agricultural machinery and livestock that were owned by the state,
and the formula of distribution within the framework of a contract of use, And opened
a stock market in Damascus, and opened a large area of foreign capital to invest in
Syria, and so over a short period of time the size of the private sector increased to
st
increase the public sector, so the number of workers in the sector 1 times working in
the public sector, and this is such a major coup happens for the first time in the history
of Syria [Jonathan Haskel, Stian Westlake (2018)].

As a result, Syria's social and political history was turned upside down, and if this
economic policy succeeded in getting out of the financial crisis, it opened the door to
other problems. It is the fracture of the economic policy of the lion (socialism)
imposed on the majority of the Syrian people political obedience because of economic
dependence The majority of the population is not paid by the state, as was the case in
the past, and this undoubtedly had a great impact on providing the appropriate ground
for the outbreak of the Syrian revolution later [Jonathan Haskel, Stian Westlake,
(2018), Heinbosh, Raimon (2012)].

This new economic trend in Syria (Abdallah Dardari), who served as Prime Minister
from 2006 to 2011, led the transformation of the time (social market economy), a term
used as an alternative to capitalism that is contrary to the ideology of the Arab Baath
party. Socialism). In fact, this shift towards capitalism was in response to external
pressures from the World Bank and the World Trade Organization, which imposed a
restructuring of the Syrian economy to meet the requirements of the world market.
The most prominent was the opening of imports, which led to the destruction of small
industries in Syria Character Which, has not been able to compete with products
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