Page 55 - Azerbaijan State University of Economics

THE JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES: THEORY AND PRACTICE, V.78, # 2, 2021, pp. 43-62

Table 2: Water source effects on child health and determinants of environmental
source of water
Estimation Methods
Variable PROBIT(ME) OLS 2SLS IVPROBIT
(ME)
HWS Child ill/death due to diarrhea
Household Source of Water n/a 0.001 -0.404*** -0.621**
(0.61) (3.02) (4.22)
Annual Rainfall Variation in millimeters, for -8.323*** -0.126** n/a n/a
2004/2011 precipitation for the different regions” (-20.42) (-2.13)
Mother breast feeding (1= mother breast feed 0.111*** -0.250*** -0.480** -0.212**
the child, 0 otherwise) (2.63) (-4.61) (-1.99) (-2.06)
Fertility rate 0.605*** -0.004*** -0.046*** 0.317***
(3.59) (-2.69) (-4.15) (-5.45)
Participation (1= mother currently working, 0 0.195*** -0.130 -0.012** -0.019**
otherwise) (3.53) (-1.57) (-2.03) (-1.29)
Marital status (1= mother is married, 0 -0.377 0.018 0.017* 0.020
otherwise) (-1.36) (0.51) (1.94) (0.57)
Prenatal care (1= mother attended prenatal, 0 -0.399 -0.221*** 0.069*** 0.213***
otherwise) (1.39) (-6.10) (-7.39) (-5.86)
Birth Interval 0.006* (1.69) -0.000 (-0.46) 0.000(0.13) -0.000 (-0.54)
Male (1= male headed household, 0 otherwise) 1.887*** 0.066** 0.013 0.044
(7.39) (2.10) (1.48) (1.34)
Literacy (1= parent literate, 0 otherwise ) 0.530*** -0.157*** -0.055*** -0.157***
(2.68) (-6.21) (-8.63) (-6.24)
Child age in years (0 – 5 years) 0.115* -0.101*** -0.023*** -0.101***
(1.78) (-11.35) (-11.19) (-11.28)
Social status (1= parent non-poor, 0 otherwise) -4.328*** -0.187*** -0.024** -0.116**
(-18.78) (-6.24) (-2.34) (-2.55)
Household size -0.229*** 0.032*** 0.011*** -0.035***
(-5.36) (5.06) (8.14) (5.48)
Household Size Square 0.007*** -0.001**** 0.000*** 0.001***
(6.40) (-2.81) (-6.88) (-3.25)
Household residence (1= urban residence, 0 -6.356*** 0.043 -0.038*** -0.144**
otherwise) (-28.44) (1.42) (2.91) (2.51)
Constant term n/a -0.624*** 0.141*** n/a
(-9.01) (2.94)
2
2
2
R /(uncensored R / Pseudo R 0.8256 0.0271 0.1916 n/a
2
Partial R (on excluded instruments) n/a n/a 416.96[1, n/a
19842;
0.0000]
2 349.95 [14, 474.54 [15; 41.88 487.85
Joint F /  test for Ho: coefficients on
19842; 0.0000] 0.0000] [14, [4; 0.0000]
instrument = 0/ Wald/chi2 19842;
0.0000]
Cragg-Donald F-Stat test /rho (  ) n/a n/a 416.961 -0.176
[16.38] [0.081]
Sargan statistic test / sigma ( ) n/a n/a 0.000 11.755
[0.000] [0.058]
2 n/a n/a 7.455 4.57
Durbin-Wu-Hausman  test / Wald test
[0.0003] [0.0002]
Observations 19857
Source: Computed by author. Notes: ***, ** and * indicate 1%, 5% and 10% levels of significance.
N/B: Dependent variable is child ill/death due to diarrhea diseases; absolute value of robust t-
statistics in parentheses beneath estimates, ME = marginal effects, n/a = not applicable.

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