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Fariz A. Guliyev: The economics of financial securities for environmental obligations and
                                                     their impact in royalty revenues from Alberta oil sands in North America


                     2.  Resultant  Asset Safety Factor = MFSP  Assets/Liability  Net  of Deposits =


               $57,500,000/$20,000,000 = 2.88

                     3.  Asset Safety Factor  Deposit = MFSP  Liability  –  OLD – BSD –  (MFSP Assets/3) =

               $20,000,000 - $57,500,000/3 = $19,166,667


                     Operating Life Deposit (OLD)

                    As noted in section 1.2 (Types of Financial Security Deposits) Operating Life Deposit is

               required as Approval Holder’s reserves have less than 15 years of lifetime.


                    Calculation for OLD begins when the Reserve Life Index (RLI) becomes lower than 15

               years:


                     0% of the MFSP Liability when RLI >= 15.00

                     10% of the MFSP Liability when RLI < 15.00

                     20% of the MFSP Liability when RLI < 14.00


                     30% of the MFSP Liability when RLI < 13.00

                    The calculation reaches a 100% of the MFSP Liability when reserve life becomes less than

               six years (The calculation for Operating Life Deposit is based on Alberta Environment MFSP


               Guide 2011).

                                     1.4.  Current Status of Reclamation Activities in Alberta Oil Sands

                    Generally, mine land areas  can  either be temporarily or permanently reclaimed. Alberta


               Environment provides that official trend for disturbed land has increased between 2009 and 2011.

               The figure below describes the cumulative area for oil sands mining and reclamation activities during

               2009-2011. We could see that areas ready for reclamation have decreased from 2009 to 2011. This is


               because these lands are being either actively used or reclaimed. The fact that temporary reclamation

               activities have broadened may explain the decrease of areas ready for reclamation.




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