Page 91 - Azerbaijan State University of Economics

Rasheed Olawale Azeez: Effects of Employees’ Climate Change Attitudinal Responses and
Action Orientation on Resource Efficiency and Eco-Friendly Practices in Manufacturing Firms

This evidence underscores the importance of fostering an action-oriented culture
within organizations to drive the adoption of sustainable practices and achieve long-
term environmental and economic goals. Premised on the foregoing, we hypothesized
that:
H2: Employees’ action orientation towards climate change has a significant effect on
the adoption of eco-friendly operational practices in selected manufacturing
companies in Lagos State.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This study uses the descriptive research design to examine the effects of employees’
climate change attitudinal responses and action orientation on resource efficiency and
eco-friendly practices in manufacturing firms, specifically those operating within the food
and beverage industry in Lagos State. This design is particularly suitable for providing a
comprehensive description of environmental practices within the selected manufacturing
firms. The population for this study comprises employees from three leading
multinational manufacturing firms in Lagos State, Nigeria: Cadbury Nigeria Plc,
Guinness Nigeria Plc, and Flour Mills of Nigeria Plc. These firms were chosen due to
their substantial presence in the food and beverage industry and their established
environmental management practices. Collectively, the population of these three
companies is approximately 24,000 employees, as indicated by their official websites and
their 2023 annual reports. Utilizing the Raosoft online sample size calculator, 1200
participants were selected to form the sample size, and the convenience sampling
technique was employed to select 400 research subjects from each of the companies.

Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was developed based on previous
studies. To measure employees’ attitudinal response to climate change, a 5-item scale
adapted from the work of Dunlap et al. (2000) was used. Equally, a 5-item scale adapted
from the work of Kaiser (1998) was employed to measure employees’ action orientation
towards climate change. Further, resource efficiency was measured using a 5-item scale
based on the work of Chardine-Baumann and Botta-Genoulaz (2014), and eco-friendly
operational practices were measured using a 5-item scale adapted from Kapiki (2012).
Each of these scales was measured using the five-point Likert scale ranging from strongly
disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). The internal consistency of these scales was verified,
with Cronbach’s Alpha (α) values ranging from 0.82 to 0.89, indicating acceptable
reliability. The data collection process spanned five weeks and was facilitated by trained
research assistants. Upon completion of data collection, 936 copies of the questionnaire
were retrieved, and the returned copies were reviewed for completeness which led to the
exclusion of 13 improperly filled questionnaires. Consequently, 923 copies of the
questionnaire were deemed suitable for the final analysis.

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